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Environmental impacts of reflective materials: Is high albedo a 'silver bullet' for mitigating urban heat island?

机译：反光材料的环境影响：高反照率是否能成为缓解城市热岛的“银弹”？

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abstract: Studies on urban heat island (UHI) have been more than a century after the phenomenon was first discovered in the early 1800s. UHI emerges as the source of many urban environmental problems and exacerbates the living environment in cities. Under the challenges of increasing urbanization and future climate changes, there is a pressing need for sustainable adaptation/mitigation strategies for UHI effects, one popular option being the use of reflective materials. While it is introduced as an effective method to reduce temperature and energy consumption in cities, its impacts on environmental sustainability and large-scale non-local effect are inadequately explored. This paper provides a synthetic overview of potential environmental impacts of reflective materials at a variety of scales, ranging from energy load on a single building to regional hydroclimate. The review shows that mitigation potential of reflective materials depends on a set of factors, including building characteristics, urban environment, meteorological and geographical conditions, to name a few. Precaution needs to be exercised by city planners and policy makers for large-scale deployment of reflective materials before their environmental impacts, especially on regional hydroclimates, are better understood. In general, it is recommended that optimal strategy for UHI needs to be determined on a city-by-city basis, rather than adopting a “one-solution-fits-all” strategy.
机译：摘要：自1800年代初首次发现这种现象以来，对城市热岛（UHI）的研究已有一个多世纪了。 UHI成为许多城市环境问题的根源，并加剧了城市的居住环境。在日益城市化和未来气候变化的挑战下，迫切需要针对UHI效应的可持续适应/缓解策略，一种流行的选择是使用反射材料。虽然将其作为降低城市温度和能耗的有效方法而引入，但并未充分探讨其对环境可持续性的影响和大规模的非本地影响。本文对反射材料在各种规模上的潜在环境影响进行了综合概述，范围从单个建筑物的能源负荷到区域性水文气候。审查表明，反射材料的缓解潜力取决于一系列因素，包括建筑特征，城市环境，气象和地理条件等。城市规划人员和政策制定者需要采取预防措施，大规模地使用反射材料，然后才能更好地理解其对环境的影响，尤其是对区域性水气候的影响。通常，建议针对UHI的最佳策略应在每个城市的基础上确定，而不是采用“一劳永逸”的策略。

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